These businesses have demutualized or closed.
Industry: Manufacturing
Location: Washington and Oregon
Number of employees: 80 to 450
Became employee owned: 1921
From the industry
- PPA – From Penply to K Ply (2001)
- PPA – Vancouver-Plywood Company (1972)
- PPA – Veneer Products Company (1970)
- PPA – The Buffelen Lumber & Manufacturing Company (1968)
Books
- Pencavel – Worker Participation (2002)
- Bellas – Industrial Democracy and the Worker-owned Firm: A Study of Twenty-one Plywood Companies in the Pacific Northwest (1972)
- Berman – Worker-owned Plywood Companies: An Economic Analysis (1967)
Learn more
- NW Examiner – Falling Apart (2017)
- Chamberlain – Worker Owned: In Their Own Words (Video) (2014)
- Pencavel – The Labor Supply of Self-Employed Workers (2014)
- Pencavel – Worker Cooperatives and Democratic Governance (2012)
- Gartrell and Paille – Wage cuts and the fairness of pay in a worker-owned plywood cooperative (1997)
- Craig and Pencavel – Participation and Productivity (1995)
- Craig and Pencavel – Worker-owned Plywood Companies of the Pacific Northwest (1993)
- Gunn – Plywood Co-operatives in the United States An Endangered Species (1992)
- Craig and Pencavel – The Behavior of Worker Cooperatives (1992)
- Khodaparast – Producer cooperatives and industrial democracy (1986)
- Greenberg – Industrial Democracy and the Democratic Citizen (1981)
- Greenberg – Participation in Industrial Decision Making and Work Satisfaction (1980)
- Jones – US Producer Cooperatives the Record to Date (1979)
- Bernstein – Americas Worker-Owned Plywood Firms (1974)
- National Observer – They’re Their Own Employers (1977)
Video
